37. She has to finish all the reports before 5 pm today.
All the reports
38. Tom often falls asleep while the teacher is explaining the lesson.
Tom’s teacher wishes
39. We last wrote to each other a year ago.
We have
40. “Are you going to apply for the exchange student program in our school next year?” said Hoa to Nam.
→Hoa asked Nam
37. All the reports have to be finished before 5pm today.
`->` Câu bị động với “have to”: S + have to/has to + be + Vpp
38. Tom’s teacher wishes he didn’t fall asleep while the teacher were explaining the lesson.
`->` Câu mong ước nên lùi thì, chuyển khẳng định sang phủ định
39. We have not written to each other for a year.
`->` S + last + V2/ed + thời gian + ago = S + have/has + Vpp + for + thời gian
40. Hoa asked Nam if he was going to apply for the exchange student program in their school the following year.
`->` Câu trần thuật có từ để hỏi: S + asked + O + if + S2 + V lùi thì
37.All the reports have to be finished before 5pm today.
38.Tom’s teacher wishes he didn’t fall asleep while the teacher is explaining the lesson.
39.We have not written to each for a year .
40.Hoa asked Nam if he was going to apply for the exchange student program in their school the next year.