Giúp mình với!! Mình cần gấp ạ!
Từ Đá Vôi và các chất vô cơ cần thiết, hãy điều chế:
a/ Cao su buna
b/ PVC
c/ Polietilen (PE)
d/ PP
e/ PS
f/ Etilen glicol
g/ C6H6Cl6
Giúp mình với!! Mình cần gấp ạ!
Từ Đá Vôi và các chất vô cơ cần thiết, hãy điều chế:
a/ Cao su buna
b/ PVC
c/ Polietilen (PE)
d/ PP
e/ PS
f/ Etilen glicol
g/ C6H6Cl6
a/
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$CaO+3C\xrightarrow{t^o}CaC_2+CO$
$CaC_2+2H_2O\xrightarrow{} Ca(OH)_2+C_2H_2$
$2C_2H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt,P} CH≡C-CH=CH_2$
$CH≡C-CH=CH_2 + H_2\xrightarrow{t^o,Pd/PdCO_3} CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2$
$nCH_2=CH-CH=CH_2\xrightarrow{t^o, Na, P} (-CH_2-CH=CH-CH_2-)_n$
b/ PVC
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$CaO+3C\xrightarrow{t^o}CaC_2+CO$
$CaC_2+2H_2O\xrightarrow{} Ca(OH)_2+C_2H_2$
$C_2H_2+ HCl\xrihgtarrow{150-200^oC,HgCl_2} CH_2=CHCl$
$nCH_2=CHCl\xrightarrow{t^o,P, xt} (-CH_2-CH-CHCl-)_n$
c/ Polietilen
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$CaO+3C\xrightarrow{t^o}CaC_2+CO$
$CaC_2+2H_2O\xrightarrow{} Ca(OH)_2+CH≡CH$
$CH≡CH+ H_2\xrightarrow{t^o,Pd/PdCO_3}CH_2=CH_2$
$nCH_2=CH_2\xrightarrow{t^o,P,xt}(-CH_2-CH_2-)_n$
d/ PP
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$CaO+3C\xrightarrow{t^o}CaC_2+CO$
$CaC_2+2H_2O\xrightarrow{} Ca(OH)_2+CH≡CH$
$2CH≡CH \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} CH_2=CH-C≡CH$
$CH_2=CH-C≡CH+3H_2\xrightarrow{t^o,Ni}CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3$
$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3\xrightarrow{t^o,xt}CH_4 + CH_3-CH=CH_2$
$ nCH_3-CH=CH_2\xrightarrow{t^o,P,xt}(-CH_3-CH-CH_2-)_n$
e/ PS
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$CaO+3C\xrightarrow{t^o}CaC_2+CO$
$CaC_2+2H_2O\xrightarrow{} Ca(OH)_2+CH≡CH$
$3CH≡CH \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} C_6H_6$ ( vòng benzen nha)
$C_6H_6 + CH_2=CH_2\xrightarrow{t^o,H+}C_6H_5-CH_2-CH_3$
$C_6H_5-CH_2-CH_3\xrightarrow{t^o,ZnO}C_6H_5-CH=CH_2+H_2$
$nC_6H_5-CH=CH_2\xrightarrow{t^o,xt,P}(-C_6H_5-CH-CH_2-)_n$
f/ Etilen glicol
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$CaO+3C\xrightarrow{t^o}CaC_2+CO$
$CaC_2+2H_2O\xrightarrow{} Ca(OH)_2+CH≡CH$
$CH≡CH+ H_2\xrightarrow{t^o,Pd/PdCO_3}CH_2=CH_2$
$3CH_2=CH_2+2KMnO_4 + 4H_2O\xrightarrow{} 3OH-CH_2-CH_2-OH + 2KOH + 2MnO_2↓$
g/ C6H6Cl6
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$CaO+3C\xrightarrow{t^o}CaC_2+CO$
$CaC_2+2H_2O\xrightarrow{} Ca(OH)_2+CH≡CH$
$3CH≡CH \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} C_6H_6$
$C_6H_6+3Cl_2\xrightarrow{á/s} C_6H_6Cl_6$
Đáp án:
a.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO
CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
2C2H2 -> CH2 = CH – C =- CH (3 gạch nhá )……….đk: CuCk, NH4Cl, 55 – 60 độ C
CH2 = CH – C =- CH + H2 -> CH2 = CH – CH = CH2 (đk: Pd/PbCO3)
nCH2 = CH – CH = CH2 -> (- CH2 – CH = CH – CH2 -)n
b.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO
CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
CH=CH + HCl → CH2 = CHCl
nCH2=CHCl → ( – CH2-CHCl- )n
C2H2 + H2 → CH2 = CH2
nCH2=CH2 → ( – CH2 – CH2– )n
c.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO
CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
C2H2 + H2 → C2H4 (đk: Pd/PbCO3, t0)
nC2H4 → (C2H4)n (đk: t0, p, xt) (PE)
d.CH2=CH-CH3 →xt,t0,p [-CH2-CH(CH3)-]n
e.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO
CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
3C2H2→C6H6
C6H6+CH2=CH2→C6H5CH2CH3
C6H5CH2CH3→t0,xtC6H5−CH=CH2+H2
C6H5−CH=CH2C trùng hợp ra PS
f.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO
CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
3CH2 = CH2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O -> 3HOCH2-CH2OH + 2MnO2 + 2KOH
g.
CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
CaO + 3C -> CaC2 + CO
CaC2 + 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
3C2H2 -> C6H6
2NaCl -> 2Na + Cl2
C6H6 + 3Cl2 -> C6H6Cl6